Speed measurement sensor. See full list on globalspec.

Speed measurement sensor 4, the comparator output signal clean, good waveform, driving ability, than 15mA. Rotational or linear speed can be measured using a variety of magnetic speed sensors. Each of these devices sends speed data in the form of pulses. One diode transmits IR rays which reflect back to the receiver diode and then IR Module generates an output or pulse which is detected by the Arduino controller. . Feb 3, 2025 · The AR550 high speed laser sensor is Acuity’s fastest triangulation device for dimensional and distance measurement. Jun 1, 2021 · This sensor is designed based on IR rays. A laser surface velocimeter (LSV) is a non-contact optical speed sensor measuring velocity and length on moving surfaces. Both the sensor and PTCM box are rated as IP67 proof if connected and installed as per PICOTURN’s recommendations, making it ideal for underbonnet fitments. Use the buttons on the front panel to program the unit. Since R2020a. , a sensor system based on an induction-coil loop, a radar or a laser. All types of measurement sensors consist of an emitter and a receiver. The laser triangulation displacement sensors of the LK-G5000 Series offer high speed and high accuracy for non-contact displacement measurement applications. Laser surface velocimeters use the laser Doppler principle to evaluate the laser light scattered back from a moving object. ±0. They are widely used for process and quality control in industrial production processes. Nov 23, 2019 · Description: Features: 1, the use of imported groove coupler sensor, slot width 5mm. 5 m. Like many devices, a speed sensor is an integral part of onboard systems. This project provides a hands-on way to explore sensor-based timing systems. 8 to 480 DO TTL switch signal output4, AO the module does not workShipping list:A speed measuring sensor module This IR speed module sensor with the comparator LM393, we can calculate the speed of rotation of the wheels of our robot. The Tachometer is an RPM counter which counts the no. Achieve precise speed measurement with Hikvision's Solution, ensuring road safety on high- and low-speed roads. e. The pulse length measurement principle might be also have some drawbacks (compared to pulse Optical slot speed measuring sensor; Jumper wires; A rotating object to measure (e. Ultrasonic wind sensor technology in the WMT700 delivers highly accurate wind speed and direction information ranging from barely perceptible winds to Laser distance sensors High-precision distance measurement and positioning. The usual supplying voltage (+Vcc) is mainly 5 V but in some cases can be 12 V. How do Police Measure Speed with LIDAR (Laser)? LIDAR stands for “light detection and ranging”. Inertial Sensors with features including complete six degree of freedom (6DoF) are user configurable, self-powered, with external inputs. Examples Field-Oriented Control of Induction Motor Using Speed Sensor Jan 30, 2025 · That’s all about Arduino code. Both measuring techniques impress with their high signal stability and interference immunity. May 11, 2022 · The project is designed to measuring distance using ultrasonic waves and interfaced with arduino. Unlike inductive sensors which generate a voltage signal by itself, the Hall Effect sensors must be additionally supplied by external voltage needed for integrated electronics. com Apr 25, 2022 · For industrial speed measurements there are three main types of measurement sensor: • Variable reluctance (VR) sensors – also known as: passive sensors, electromagnetic sensors or magnetic pickup sensors (MPU). For embeddable sensors: M = N x d x π x T + D 60,000 The speed sensor may be used with many different types of off-the-shelf hardware such as timers, counters, or digital tachometers. The initial consideration is whether a digital or analog signal is required. After all, the signal of the sensor is the input for an overspeed protection system. Hall-effect devices are used as proximity sensors and for positioning, speed, and current detection. I used my home roof to check the wind speed. 5 cms. The integrated LM393 comparator inside the module compares this pulse signal with a preset threshold, producing a stable high-level output signal. Non Contact Speed and Length Measurement is revolutionizing manufacturing processes. Optical Measurement Sensors. g. It can also be integrated into electronic control or data acquisition systems. It uses black non-reflective and white reflective marks installed on the rotating shaft. , a rotating wheel or a motor shaft) The Optical Slot Speed Sensor. Effectively regulate driver behavior, reduce accidents, and enhance road safety for governments, enterprises, and users. µSPEED unites the entire measurement technology in a 0,9 kg heavy, red sensor head casing and directly delivers length and speed measurement values via quadrature output or as ASCII String via a The Speed Measurement block calculates the angular speed from the angular position of the rotor by calculating the change in the angular position with respect to time. sen2 is the second. It is often referred to as laser, as the LIDAR unit uses a laser beam to measure speed. ROTATIONAL SPEED MEASUREMENT USING MAGNETORESISTVE SENSORS Rotational speed measurement using magnetoresistive sensors (MR-sensors) is achieved by counting ferromagnetic marks, such as teeth of a passive gear wheel or the number of magnetic elements of magnetised ring. Speed sensors are essential components in various applications, including automotive, industrial, and aerospace sectors. KEYENCE India provides Measurement Sensors; Non-contact, high precision laser distance sensors, position sensors and measurement sensors. Hall sensors A Hall sensor is the most commonly used sensor for speed measurements. micros() command is used to measure time which is 10^-6 of second which can measure time lapse at high speed Nov 27, 2023 · Fan Speed Measurement using IR Sensor & Arduino: In this project, we have designed Digital Tachometer using an IR Sensor with Arduino for measuring the number of rotations of rotating fans in RPM. Logging motion processes: Detect process speed contactlessly and accurately Feb 9, 2025 · Vehicle speed detection using IR sensor: Vehicle Speed Detection or Vehicle Speed Measurement using IR Sensor and Arduino- In this tutorial, we will measure the speed of the vehicle using IR sensor, Arduino, and 16×2 LCD. It measures reliably even under harsh production conditions with working distances up to 1. When an encoder disk is spun the slots allow for the receiver to switch on and off. The speed sensor device generates electrical output events, such as edges or pulses, at specific angular loca tions based on the time-varying magnetic input signal from the target. Speed sensors. This is a very small sensor and can be purchased from the market at a very affordable price. in Hz or rpm. Distance is measured by calculating the time it took for the soundwave to return against the speed of sound in ambient conditions. 5, the working voltage of 3. Best-in-class measurement performance down to ± 3 μm linearity deviation and 0. Choose a Oct 24, 2024 · Introduction to Speed Sensor. Device is very simple and consist only a few components: The optical encoder can be used to measure the speed of a motor and also the mechanical displacement of the motor-based mechanism regardless of its type (linear, rotary, etc). The PTCM is capable of compressor wheel speed measurement up to 400,000 rpm with a minimum operating speed of 200 rpm. 3, block, output high; no shelter, output low. of rotation per minute. Issues of wear or build-up on the wheel affect calibration. A Hall-effect sensor is a long-lasting solution because there are no mechanical parts to wear down over time. Fig. They are present in various types of commercial and motorsport vehicles. Aluminium foil is used set a reference point. Lidar is an acronym that stands for Light Detection and Ranging. While velocimeters often require several meters of material feed, with the SPEETEC®, individual parts down to the size of a business card can be reliably measured. Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Speed Sensors, Wheel Speed Sensor, Vehicle Speed Sensor across India. Considerations for selecting speed & length laser sensors. They are widely used in motor control systems. rotate speed sensor is the most used rotate speed sensor, and its structure is shown in Fig. They are designed to measure the rotational or linear speed of an object, providing crucial information for control systems, safety mechanisms, and performance monitoring. A Motor Speed Measurement System Based on Hall Sensor 443 3. There are 5 ways police will claim to measure the speed of a vehicle. Such measurements can be performed by displacement sensors [1] combined with some method of time measurement. Monitor speed with inductive, magnetic and other technologies for speed feedback in harsh environments such as machine RPM, over-speed, under-speed conditions with various combinations of pulsar discs, pulsar wraps, speed sensors, housings and electronic alarm or transmitter modules. May 12, 2021 · Conclusion. For embeddable sensors: M ≥ D (target size should be ≥ sensor face surface area) For non-embeddable sensors: M ≥ (3 x Sn) * For high speed applications, the sensor response time . 15% and boasts a resolution down to within 0. 2, output status indicator lamp output high, output low lights. proximity sensor. When choosing speed and length laser sensors for your application, several important factors should be taken into account to ensure optimal performance and compatibility: Measurement range: Determine the necessary measurement range for distance and speed in your application. • Eddy current sensors – also known as: proxim-ity sensors or displacement sensors. It is composed of permanent magnet, coil, disk and so on. 12 μm repeat accuracy; Highly repeatable and surface independent distance measurement up to 1700 mm; Measurement rates up to 5 kHz; Easy-to-use with intuitive web interface or Baumer Jul 14, 2021 · How to make Vehicle Speed Measurement Using HC SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor | Car Speed DetectorCode, Schematics and Proteus Simulation Download link:- https://gi Non-Contact Speed Measurement Using Doppler Radar Figure 1: Example schematic showing the Delta DRS1000 Speed Sensor in use. Old style wheel followers and shaft encoders are problematic due to slippage between the product and contact wheel or shaft. Initialy I tried measuring the speed in m/s and got the result as shown in the image below. The figure below shows you an example fixture for an optical encoder sensor with its encoder wheel attached to a small DC motor to measure its speed. Oct 1, 2008 · An overview on optical speed measurement was presented with a special focus on measurement methods with an image sensor facing the ground. The VLS Series Optical Speed Sensors are primarily designed for speed related use. Maximum measuring distance is 0. 32. au Nov 1, 2015 · 7 shows the speed errors for the second-order Taylor approximation (row RB in Table 2) against speed as measured by the hardware speed sensor. Although this pulse length speed measurement principle is more accurate at low speed or low feedback sensor resolution, there is its precision also limited by the resolution of the internal pulse length measurement unit and the sensor's accuracy itself. After testing and analyzing the bicycle speed and distance measuring system using the Hall Effect sensor, we can conclude that The speed and distance of a bicycle can be measured by the hall Sep 10, 2018 · We will use IR Sensor module to measure the speed. Portable / mobile speed measurement: Portable speed measuring systems in tripod mounting for fast measurement at many different measuring positions. Target speed can be calculated from the duration between events. Aug 30, 2023 · The speed will vary or increase when the sensor is taken in a windy region. In order to assess overall measurement quality there is a graph of acceleration/braking speed of a locomotive with goods train shown on Figure 2 (Schsherbinskiy railway testing ground, ISD-3 sensor, nominal distance is 80 cm. Mar 23, 2018 · For applications where the speed of detection is not crucial, ordinary Hall effect sensors like 44E can be used. 01% throughout the measurement range. Length and speed measurement sensors are devices designed to accurately measure the distance an object travels over a period of time, providing data on both length and speed parameters. 0023% for every 1mph increase in speed (i. Accuracy. Typical devices used for this purpose are shaft encoders (rotary pulse generators), proximity sensors, and photoelectric sensors. The working principles of Hall sensor has been introduced in this paper. The speed “s” is expressed as: The speed is defined as the change of position over time. Measurement principle of magnetoelectric rotate speed sensor When the rotating shaft rotates, the induction coil with magnetic circuit passing Apr 28, 2020 · here's the code for the speed detector. The second section gave a In this tutorial, we will be learning how to make a simple speed measurement device using the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensor and Arduino. Feb 2, 2025 · Simply we have interfaced the IR sensor module with Arduino and the 16*2 LCD module for display. An active system measures how transmitted signals are affected by a passing vehicle in order to estimate the vehicles speed, e. Along with this, A timeout is added to ensure that if the object doesn’t pass through the other sensor within the threshold limit, the state of sensor is reset. Depending on various factors, we decide which sensor type is the most suitable solution for an application. Our range includes the three most commonly used measuring methods for speed measurements. Motion Sensors offers a full range of standard speed solutions. Light, dark and black, reflecting, matt, structured and rough surfaces are measured with high accuracy and without changing the parameter settings. The high-speed laser has a linearity of ± 0. Our speed sensors are used for non-contact measurement of the rotational speed of scanning objects, such as thoothed wheels, perforated discs, pulse bands, objects with holes, openings or grooves. Sensors for RPM Measurement A sensor is necessary to sense shaft speed. 34% at 1mph, 0. The IR sensor module consists of IR Transmitter & Receiver in a single pair that can work as a Digital Tachometer for speed measurement of any rotating object. Optical speed encoder applications Monitoring the exact process speed or inline velocity measurement is key for many steps in production processes such as cut-to-length control, from extrusion and converting to steel casting, elongation and metal rolling processes, sometimes speed synchronization, or differential speed measurement and more. 3V-5V 6, the output format: digital switching output (0 and 1) 7, a fixed bolt holes for Install in a convenient location and measure speed remotely using a sensor (sold separately). Hardware Required Arduino Uno 1602 LCD Display Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 Jumper cables Software Required Arduino IDE Circuit Diagram The anode pin is connected to 3. Robust and precise Thanks to its robust design, the D x -Speed system delivers precise measurement results even in harsh environmental conditions such as mud, snow and dust. We can mainly use this sensor for measuring the speed of motors and pulse detection. Now to measure the time difference IR sensor is used. ProSpeed ® LSV-1100 Laser Surface Velocimeters measure length and speed reliably even under harsh production conditions with working distances up to 1. Accelerometers, Gyroscopes and Inertial Sensors are integrated circuits or modules used to measure the acceleration and angular velocity of an object to which they are attached. The speed variation is increases or decreases depending upon the blade rotation. Hall sensor measures speed signal from permanent magnet DC motor. Figure 1 is an example of such a period This is Speed Measuring Sensor Groove Coupler Module For Arduino. Guidelines for Tooth and Gap Widths. 0. Measurement Sensors, which measure the widths or positions of objects, use one of the following three methods: light intensity determination, Imaging Device, or laser scanning. you can adjust the speedconst variable for the same. The hardware circuits Hall-Effect & Magnetoresistive Speed Sensors, Speed Output, Shaft Speed Detection, Explosion-Proof (XP), Digital Magnetic Speed Sensor This sensor can be used with our Smart Car Kits and also for applications such as anemometers or wind speed meters. There are other ways/sensors for this, like hall sensor to measure speed, but using an IR sensor is easy because IR sensor module is very common device and we can get it easily from the market and also it can be used on any type of motor/Vehicle. The measured value is typically specified as a frequency, e. Two factors affect the quality of this data: The maximum measurement range is the maximum range or distance at which the sensor can measure speed. Let's feed this compiled binary code to the Arduino UNO R3 for converting the ordinary Arduino to a moving object speed-measuring device. Parts of speed sensor: Our family of laser measurement devices is based on lidar technology. Infineon's magnetic speed sensors can be used with ferromagnetic gear tooth wheels or encoders to measure speed and position. This non-contact measurement method is a non-tactile and thus non-damaging measurement method that found great use in distance and thickness measurements, as well as liquid fill levels and proximity sensors. Find here Speed Sensors, Wheel Speed Sensor manufacturers, suppliers & exporters in India. The laser sensors measure in a non-contact way, providing precicion measurements on any material - no contact, no slippage, no wear. P: ₹5,109 ₹5,109 A wheel-speed sensor consists of a silicon integrated circuit in the sensor head, which is hermetically sealed with overmolded plastic. What is an IR Sensor? IR sensor is an electronic device, that emits the light in order to sense some object of the surroundings. The DO output interface can be directly connected to a micro-controller IO port if there is a block detection sensor, such as the speed of the motor encoder can detect. That’s all; now we are in the final stage of testing our Arduino Speed Sensor project to measure the speed of moving objects. However, for applications that involve high-speed detection, like in the case of speedometers, high-frequency Hall effect sensors like US5881 or US1881 should be used. Sensor was installed on the bottom of the locomotive and was directed at rails). Accurately capture the speed of moving webs and parts to monitor, control and regulate the machine. Overall, this project is a simple yet effective way to measure the speed of an object using two IR sensors and an I2C LCD. 5 The speed sensor module is mainly used to detect changes in rotational speed or velocity. At sampling rates up to 70kHz, these sensors are typically used for applications that demand high speed such as vibration measurements, scanning of roads, vehicle crash test, and ballistic measurements. just upload to arduino after doing the circuitry. Our standard speed sensors — and application experts who understand your requirements — make Motion Sensors your go-to source for your speed sensing needs. May 8, 2021 · HC-SR 04 Ultrasonic sensor is most commonly used to measure distance, but this time I will show you how to measure the speed of movement of an object using this sensor. By adjusting the sensor spacing or code, you can adapt it for bikes, conveyor belts, or even wind-speed measurement. How Speed Sensors Work This module is intelligent speed measurement module! One side emits an infrared light while the other has a photo receiver. must be included in the calculation. In the automotive sector, a wheel speed sensor is required. DIY Speed Sensor Using Arduino: Are you curious about how speed guns measure vehicle velocities or how athletes' sprint speeds are recorded? While advanced sensor technology often plays a role, you can create your speed detector using an Arduino and a pair of infrared (IR) sensors… Jan 11, 1999 · Rotational Speed Sensors KMI15/16 Application Note AN98087 8 2. Back-Biased Sensor Output [3] offers a useful guide. Apr 20, 2022 · A speed sensor is a type of position sensor which is used to measure rotational speed. Real-Time Monitoring: With the ability to provide real-time data, these sensors enable immediate feedback and adjustments, leading to improved performance and enhanced safety. Jul 12, 2019 · A Hall-effect sensor varies its output voltage in response to a magnetic field. Oct 13, 2020 · The speed sensor from SICK also creates new resource-saving solution options in the speed measurement of short materials. Jun 1, 2019 · Speed measurement systems can be divided into two main categories based on their methodology being either active or passive. 2" from a 1/2 " minimum size metal 10sets Speed Measuring Sensor LM393 Speed Measuring Module Sensor Slot Type IR Optocoupler DIY Kit with Encoders Price, product page ₹3,699 ₹ 3,699 M. There are Wide Speed Range: Optical RPM sensors can measure a wide range of speeds, from low RPMs to ultra-high rotational speeds, making them versatile for various applications. By selecting a target from the list on this page you will be directed to our hall effect speed sensors and/or variable reluctance sensors that provide an output for calculating speed. Bosch wheel-speed sensor circuits use Hall technology, which incorporates the Hall-sensing element, signal amplifier and signal processing all on a single chip. These errors are much higher than the 1–2% reported for back EMF approaches, but the spike rise time method operates in a quite different domain, the PWM frequency is 20 kHz and the inductive current . ELOVIS offers industrial measurement solutions for the measurement of: Non-Contact Legth and Speed Measurement System has a typical measurement accuracy of ± 0,05% and equipped with a quadrature output, the µSPEED Laser-Encoder is the perfectly suited gauge to replace tactile speedometers/rotary encoders or to replace length and speed measurement via machine drives. The sensor module consists of IR Transmitter & Receiver in a single pair that can work as a Digital Tachometer for speed measurement of any rotating object. Oct 10, 2019 · Choosing the right speed sensor for an application is of crucial importance for an accurate and reliable measurement. We know that human audible range is 20hz to 20khz. They are commonly found in weather stations but are also important tools for analyzing ventilation systems, aerodynamics testing, HVAC balancing, fume hood verification, and other applications in which the movement of air is a primary concern. Alternatively referred to as a photoelectric sensor, the optical slot speed sensor operates by identifying breaks in a light beam. The measurement accuracy of the device, measured in ±% full scale. Speedometer calibration: Speed measuring systems for calibrating tachometers on plants or machines. The speed sensor, an essential component for the operation of several on-board systems, allows the magnetic rotation speed to be measured in order to provide a voltage corresponding to the rotation speed. To the defects of traditional methods, it proposed the designing strategy of motor speed measurement system based on single chip microcontroller with integrated chip. Also it reflects light thus enhances sensitivity of IR. If we place a ring gear that rotates attached to our wheel. We can also use this sensor to create projects such as speedometers and speed control systems. Laser Height Measurement; All of Laser Tech’s laser rangefinders that are equipped with a tilt sensor measure height with a simple 3-shot routine. The AR550 high speed laser sensor comes in one compact package size with 9 different measurement ranges: 2mm, 5mm, 10mm, 25mm, 50mm, 100mm, 250mm, 500mm, and 750mm. A block diagram of the digital system (including the instrumentation computer) that determines vehicle speed from the speed sensor is depicted in Figure 9. Sep 6, 2018 · There aren’t very many transducers available for measuring linear speed directly. The variable reluctance speed sensor is an analog output (sine wave) sensor that can be suitable for a low-speed measurement application. When an object passes by the H2010 sensor, it generates a pulse signal. See full list on globalspec. TLE5045/46iC is Infineon’s next-generation magnetic wheel speed sensor family that is based on giant magnetoresistive (GMR) technology. Air velocity meters use vane, cup, hot wire, or differential pressure technology to measure the speed and/or volume of air movement. Mar 20, 2024 · Some of the most common applications include but are not limited to wind turbines speed measurement, radar speed measurement and linear output rotary sensor. The seperation between my sensors was 7. 48% at 60mph) Speed Measurement Range. The CST6110 rotation speed sensor is based on the capacitive measuring principle while the inductive measuring principle is used for turbocharger rotation speed measurement using the DZ140. 1. These sensors operate through various technologies, including electromagnetic and optical methods, ensuring versatility across applications. Unlike optical measuring procedures, rotation speed sensors Compute speed and estimate position of rotor by using Hall sensors. Simply we have interfaced IR sensor module with Arduino and 16*2 LCD module for display. Accuracy can have somewhat varying definitions, and can include nonlinearity, hysteresis, and measurement resolution. This family includes the designed-to-cost, speed-only TLE5045iC and the high-end TLE5046SiC, which not only prov Hello, In this tutorial, we are going to make a speedometer using Arduino. expand all in page Speed measurement interval — Interval over which block Compact, reliable, cost-efficient. Let’s check out details about how it works, pin configuration, and Arduino-based project also. They are ideally used with our range of Digital Tachometers, including handheld, panel mounted and bench style instruments, A range of mounting devices is available for hands free applications: brackets, clamps, fixed focus lens for high speed, and small shafts. R. Since the sensor output pulse frequency is proportional to vehicle speed, a digital speed measurement can be obtained by counting pulses for a given specific time interval (τ). Durham Instruments provides many solutions for your industrial speed measurement requirement. led pin is the pin to the RGB led. Doppler Shift Principle The Delta DRS1000 Speed Sensor is a Doppler radar device that determines a moving object’s speed using the Doppler effect, or Doppler shift. Proximity sensor detects moving metal objects, such as gear teeth and fan blades and can be used in dirty and wet environments. This is proportional A hot-wire wind speed sensor measures wind speed by applying an electric current to a platinum wire, nichrome wire, or thermistor to generate heat, and then measuring the temperature when the heat has been cooled by the blowing wind. In this project, we will use two IR sensors and place it at a certain distance. 3V on the A Non-Contact Speed & Length Measurement. This module is intelligent speed measurement module! One side emits an infrared light while the other has a photo receiver. The WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor WMT700 is a robust, reliable ultrasonic anemometer that provides surface wind direction and wind speed measurement that is WMO, CIMO, and ICAO compliant. LSV (Laser Surface Velocimeters) from Polytec are optical sensors for the precise in-line monitoring of length and speed in production processes. sen1 is the first sensors . An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion. Nov 15, 2023 · A novel direct position control for ultrahigh-speed measurement is proposed in [26] based on nonintrusive reflective optical sensors, which were later utilized for the speed measurement of a high speed switched reluctance machine [27]. The sensors utilise advanced hardware such as the RS-CMOS and HDE lens pack to provide reliable results on a range of materials by ensuring the returned light is always in focus. It could also be used as an optical switch. When the shaft has Feb 18, 2025 · The IR speed sensor is an innovative device that can measure the speed or velocity of an object without physically touching it. D x-Speed was awarded with the renowned messtec & sensor masters award in the sensor category for its innovative system for wireless wheel speed measurement. ProSpeed LSV-1100 Laser Surface Velocimeter The ProSpeed ® LSV-1100 optical sensor measures in forward direction with laser precision. It is widely used in the aeronautics, automotive and precision engineering sectors. sensor gives HIGH output, when aluminium foil comes infront of the sensor. Impellers and other tactile measurement systems do not offer sufficiently high measuring accuracy due to slippage, material, surface and thickness dependencies as well as wear and tear. Ultrasonic distance measurement sensors emit a high-frequency soundwave and record the time it takes before the soundwave is reflected to the sensor. 5 Speed Measurement Circuit Motor speed circuit is designed mainly based on Hall sensor UGN-3501T, which is an integrated sensitive device produced by the United States SPRAGUE Company. tcm:42-576910-64 To use all available functions on this website, JavaScript must be enabled in your browser. com. The non-contact measurement of length, speed and part length is only a part of the measurands that can be measured by ELOVIS sensors. Car Speed Detector using Arduino and IR Sensor. 03 9005 1160 sales@makerstore. rakqfj hbbwvsk zqnao lzd rcgou hdkkzu kqngo puum eprtle nkvhes naafe yxp pbllh dpsg kuvaje